Dyeing process.



J. J. FEARON. DYBING PROCESS. Arrnwunon rILnp un' 2, 1913.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE".

JAMES J. FEAnomor PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AsSIGNoP. or ONE-HALE 'ro lCHARLES J. rox,y or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.;

DYEING PROSESS.

To all whom tmay concern: y Be it known that I, JAMES J. FEARON, a

'citizen 'of the vUnited States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Dyeing Processes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the dyeing of yarns in skein form with fast color anilin dyes such for instance as those which have recently come into extensive use under the name of indanthrene dyes. In preparing a dye bath with such dyes a sulfur compound generally known as hydrosultite vis used in the bath in whichthe color paste is dissolved, the purpose of this sulfur com` pound being to set the color upon the yarn. AS a convenient characterization of the class of dyes to which my invention relates have therefore, adopted the terml sulfur dyes?? After the dyeing o eration has been completed the hydrosul te which may remain in the yarn must be neutralized or removed and this .is generally eifected by exposing the dyed yarn to the air. Unless, however, this removal is uniform throughout all portions o the yarn the` roduction of a uniform color cannot be e ected, some portions of the yarn being of a diiferent shade from the others. This is especially noticeable in dying yarns in the skein and the objection I conceive to be due to the fact that as the yarns when in skein form are massed together the inner portions ofthe skein are' not as readily accessible as the outer portlons.

by forcing air into the bath in which the dyed yarn is submerged, the air inpassing through the bath serving to open upthe masses oif yarn, so that 1t can ain access to all portions ofeach skein, w ile-at the same time all parts of the skein are uniormly saturated. l

In the accompanying drawing I have shown one method of ,carrying out my invention in, connection with a dye tubof the character constituting the subject matter or my application for U. S. patent, tiled October 15, 1912, Serial No. 725,938, Figure 1 representing a longitudinal sectlonof the Specification of Letters Patent. Application meanay '2, 1913.

I find that the objection can be overcome Patented Oct. 13, 1914. Serial No. 765,041.

tub, 'and Fig. 2l a' horizontal section of the same on the line a-a, Fig. 1.

In the drawing, 1 represents-the body of the tub, 2 the skeins of yarn, and 3 the liquid circulating device at one end of the tub.

In the lower portion of the`tub, below the depending skeins 2, are a series of per- I forated longitudinal vpipes 4 which'may vary in number and location as may -be found best adaptedto secure the desired results. The pipes 4 communicate with .pipes 5 at the sides ofthe tub, these pipes 5 being con-A nected with any suitable device for forcing the air under pressure into the same. At one end of t-hel tub, preferably that end at whichthe circulation device is located, is a pipe 7 for supplying clear water to the bath and at the opposite end of the vtub is a suitable overflow, preferably inthe form of a transverse trough '8, the top of this end of the tub being at a lower level than the opposite end and sides so-as to provide for the overiow at this end onl'y.

When the dyeing operation has been coneluded, clear Water is permitted to enter the tub through the pipe 7 the operation of the circulating device being still continued and air under pressure is admitted to the pipes 4 so as to be distributed through the ath and through the skeins of yarn contained therein.V The addition of the clear Water to the-bath causes the level of the same to rise and the overflow now becomes effective,.the clear water in time displacing the dye bath and having a washing action upon the skeins of yarn contained in the bath. This operation is continued untilall traces of color are removed from lthe bath,

-or until scum (ortluif as the dyers term it) ceases to form on the top of the bath, whereupon the skeins can be withdrawn and dried in any suitable way.

.By preference, the clear water first supplied tothe bath is heated and such heating may be continuedethrougho'ut the entire op eration, or, during the later stages of the operation, cold Water may take the placeof the hot water.

AS the oxygen in the air is presumably the active element in its effect upon the sulfur compound, oxygen gas may be substituted for, air, if desired, but air is preferred for reasons of convenience and economy.

I claim; y

l. As an improvement in dyeing skein yarn with sulfur dyes, themode herein described, which consists in first subjecting the yarn to the action of a liquid dye bath, and then aerating a liquid bath in which the yarn is contained by passing air through said bath.

2. 'As an improvement in dyeing skein yarn with sulfur dyes, the mode herein described, which consists in first subjectin the yarn to the action of a liquid dye Inath, then washing said yarn While still contained in a liquid bath, and aerating the bath during the Washing operation by passing air through said'bath.

l 3. As an improvement in dyeing skein yarn with sulfur dyes, the mode herein described, Which consists in rst subjecting the yarn tothe action of a liquid dye bath, and then forcing air into and through the masses of yarn forming the skeins While the same are still contained in a liquid bath.

4. As an improvement in dyeing skein yarn with sulfur dyes, the mode herein described which consists in irst subjecting the yarn to theaction of a liquid dye bath,

then washing said yarn while still contained in a liquid bath, and during the latter operation forcing air into and through the masses of yarn-forming the skeins.

5.'. As an improvement jin; dyeing skein yarn with4 sulfur dyes, the mode herein described which `consists in first. subjecting the yarn .to the action of a liquid dye bath, then washing said yarn by circulating wash water through a tub in which the yarn is contained, and, during the latter operation, aerating the bath by passing air through said Wash water. v

6. As an improvement in dyeing skeinyarn With sulfur dyes, the mode herein described which consists in irst subjecting the yarn to the action of a liquid dye bath, then washing said yarn by circulating Wash Water through a tub in which the yarn is contained, and, during the, latterv operation,

j forcing air into and through the masses of yarn forming the skeins.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES J. FEARON.

Witnesseszf' KATE A .BEADLE, HAMmroN D. TURNER. 

